What MRV is, and why the whole thing rests on it.

Three words doing three separate jobs

Measurement produces the number. A sensor reading, a lab assay, a soil core, a mass balance across a pyrolysis unit. Something physical, done with a physical instrument.

Reporting wraps that number in what you need to read it: which method version, which calibration date, which site, which batch. A figure with no history behind it proves nothing.

Verification is somebody independent checking the first two were done properly and putting their name to it. The signature is worth precisely as much as the independence behind it.

Almost every failure in this market traces to one of the three quietly not happening. Estimates dressed as measurements. Numbers reported without the context that would show their uncertainty. Verifiers picked and paid by the people they audit.